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Education financing and PEM

There have been a number of changes in aid to education, including the shift from projects to programmes and a focus on financing the education sector as a whole. As a result, it is becoming increasingly important to understand education sector financing and public expenditure management (PEM).

This key issues page aims to examine three main issues within education financing and PEM, including: Sources and Levels of Financing; Planning and Budgeting; and Monitoring and Evaluation. While this key issues page incorporates information on PEM, the GRC Exchange provides further information on this issue in a detailed theme page on Public Financial Management and Accountability.
Financing and financial management of education
Silhouettes of office workers
M. Henley / Panos Pictures
This document provides a synopsis of the Pan-African Seminar on financing and financial management of education in Africa. Shortened versions of papers presented at the seminar, on topics such as sources of financing and budgetary procedures and using case studies from sub-Saharan Africa, are included in this report. In addition, the document offers the discussion notes from working groups created during the seminar.

Sources and levels of financing

The source and levels of finances for supporting the education sector can have varied impacts on education outcomes. This section provides recommended readings on levels of financing, as well as sources of financing, including public financing, private financing, and donor support. Recommended reading...


Planning and budgeting

Allocation of resources, and how governments manage their budgets, is an important consideration when examining education outcomes. This key issues section provides recommended readings on resource allocation issues, policy choices and PEM. Recommended reading...


Monitoring and evaluation

There are a variety of mechanisms which can be used to track expenditure and to evaluate whether financial management has been efficient, effective and equitable. The following recommended readings provide information on these various tools, how to use them, and case study examples. Recommended reading...

More on education financing: the complete listings from Eldis

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