- Foreign Exchange Risk Premium: Does Fiscal Policy Matter? Evidence from Italian Data
- Lorenzo Giorgianni / International Monetary Fund Working Papers, 1997
- Economists and policymakers have long been interested in the effects of fiscal policies on exchange rates. In particular, for countries with large fiscal imbalances, it is often contended that fiscal policy may affect exchange rates t...
- The Effect of Expected Effective Corporate Tax Rates on Incremental Financing Decisions
- Reint E Gropp / International Monetary Fund Working Papers, 1997
- Corporate taxation in the United States currently treats debt and equity financing of firms differently. Interest payments, unlike dividends, are deducted from the corporate income tax and, therefore, enjoy a tax advantage. Firms with...
- Intra-Industry Trade of Arab Countries: An Indicator of Potential Competitiveness
- Oleh Havrylyshyn; Peter Kunzel / International Monetary Fund Working Papers, 1997
- Arab countries today face prospects of trade liberalization as exemplified by the European Union Association Agreements. Whereas few short-term benefits are anticipated, increased competitiveness is expected to spur improvements to ef...
- Modeling the World Economic Outlook at the IMF - A Historical Review
- James M Boughton / International Monetary Fund Working Papers, 1997
- The IMF.s World Economic Outlook (WEO) exercise originated with an informal discussion by the Executive Board in 1969. Within a few years, it became a regular agenda item for both the Board and the Interim Committee, and much of its d...
- The IMF Monetary Model at Forty
- J J Polak / International Monetary Fund Working Papers, 1997
- This paper deals with the vicissitudes over a forty-year period, from 1957 to the present, of a model that was designed from the start with policy considerations uppermost in mind, that has been used consistently for policy purposes b...
- Adjusting to New Realities: MENA, The Uruguay Round, and the EU-Mediterranean Initiative
- Patricia Alonso-Gamo; Susan Fennell; Khaled Sakr / International Monetary Fund Working Papers, 1997
- The MENA region, with the exception of the GCC economies, is lagging behind in trade liberalization. This delay has had a negative impact on production efficiency and consumer welfare and will become more costly given the increasing g...
- Characteristics of the Euro, the Demand for Reserves, and Policy Coordination Under EMU
- Paul R Masson; Bart Turtelboom / International Monetary Fund Working Papers, 1997
- The euro.s economic base, as measured by the combined GDP of the currency area, will rival that of the dollar. Despite a monetary policy oriented toward price stability and backed by restrictive fiscal policies, the euro will face con...
- Social Security Tax Reform and Unemployment: A General Equilibrium Analysis for France
- Caroline Van Rijckeghem / International Monetary Fund Working Papers, 1997
- The French authorities have introduced a number of reforms to their social security tax system that are designed to increase employment. In particular, social security contributions paid by employers for low-income workers were cut si...
- Investment Implications of Selected WTO Agreements and the Proposed Multilateral Agreement on Investment (MAI)
- Matthias Vocke / International Monetary Fund Working Papers, 1997
- The present multilateral legal framework on investment is patchy in coverage, biased in favor of certain flows, and ambiguous in its impact on investment. Increased investment and capital flows in the world economy have magnified the ...
- Exchange Rate Regimes and Location
- Luca Antonio Ricci / International Monetary Fund Working Papers, 1997
- This paper investigates the effects of fixed versus flexible exchange rate regimes on the location choices of firms and on the degree of specialization of countries. In a two-country two-differentiated-goods monetary model, demand, su...
- Tax effort in Sub-Saharan Africa
- Janet Gale Stotsky; A WoldeMariam / International Monetary Fund Working Papers, 1997
- Many sub-Saharan African countries face difficulty in raising tax revenue for public purposes. Low per capita incomes, an economic base in subsistence agriculture, poorly structured tax systems, and weak tax and customs administration...
- Vertical tax externalities in the theory of fiscal federalism
- Michael Keen / International Monetary Fund Working Papers, 1997
- Foreign Direct Investment Flows to Low-income Countries: A Review of the Evidence
- Overseas Development Institute, 1997
- Foreign direct investment is viewed as a major stimulus to economic growth in developing countries. Its ability to deal with two major obstacles, namely, shortages of financial resources and technology and skills, has made it the cent...
- The Mexican Peso Crisis? How Much Did We Know? When Did We Know It?
- S. Edwards / National Bureau of Economic Research, USA, 1997
- The Mexican crisis of 1994 raised throughout the world a number of questions about the sustainability -- and even the merits -- of the market oriented reform process in Latin America and other regions. Understanding how events unfolde...
- Whither the World Bank and the IMF?
- A.O. Krueger / National Bureau of Economic Research, USA, 1997
- On their fiftieth anniversary, the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank were" extensively reviewed, both to mark the occasion and to consider, often critically roles and performance. This paper reviews the functions of the t...
- Economic growth and the real exchange rate: an overview of the Balassa-Samuelson hypothesis in Asia
- T Ito; P. Isard; S. Symansky / National Bureau of Economic Research, USA, 1997
- The paper tests the Balassa-Samuelson hypothesis (rapid economic growth is accompanied by real exchange rate appreciation because of differential productivity growth between tradable and nontradable sectors) using data of the APEC eco...
- Multilateral Agreement on Investment (MAI) Negotiating Text
- Multilateral Agreement on Investment, 1998
- This document consolidates the text of the agreement considered in the course of the MAI negotiations so far. This text results mainly from the work of expert groups and has not yet been adopted by the MAI Negotiating Group. It is pre...
- Business and biodiversity: a guide for the private sector
- World Business Council for Sustainable Development, 1997
- This guide has been devised specifically to represent business interests, to tell business people how to become more engaged in implementing the Convention, and to encourage the private sector to contribute its valuable experience to ...
- Trade and Environment: A Business Perspective
- K. Erlam; L. Plass / World Business Council for Sustainable Development, 1997
- The World Business Council for Sustainable Development rejects the notion of a trade versus environment debate.This report sets out directions and opportunities that can lead to mutual support between environmental protection and impr...
- White Paper on Japan's Foreign Direct Investment 1998: summary
- Japan External Trade Organisation, 1998
- With a focus on Japan, considers trends in global foreign direct investment, and offers a country/region overview. Includes supporting statistical data.
- Department of Economics, Strathclyde University
- University department. Research interests in the Department are wide-ranging, with particular emphasis on Applied Microeconomics, Applied Econometrics, Regional Economics and Energy Economics.
- Development bank of Latin America
- SecretarÃa General Iberoamericana (SEGIB)
- SEGIB is an Inter-governmental organisation for the provision of institutional and technical support to the Iberoamerican Conference and the Iberoamerican Summit Meeting of Heads of State and Heads of Government. SEGIB has member countries in Latin America and the Iberian Peninsula - Spain, Portugal and Andorra.
- International Emissions Trading Association (IETA)
- The International Emissions Trading Association (IETA) is a non-profit business organisation created in June 1999 to establish a functional international framework for trading in greenhouse gas emission reductions.
- Africa Progress Panel
- The Africa Progress Panel consists of a group of individuals who lend their time to track and encourage progress in Africa, and to underscore shared responsibility between African leaders and their international partners for sustaining it. A Geneva-based Secretariat supports the Panel in three main areas: research and policy; advocacy and communication; and preparation of APP core produ...
- Jubilee South Asia Pacific Movement on Debt and Development (JSAPMDD)
- Jubilee South Asia Pacific Movement on Debt and Development (JSAPMDD) is a regional alliance of peoples’ movements, community organisations, coalitions, NGOs and networks.
- International Growth Centre (IGC)
- The International Growth Centre (IGC) aims to promote sustainable growth in developing countries by providing demand-led policy advice based on frontier research. Based at LSE and in partnership with Oxford University, the IGC is initiated and funded by DFID. The IGC has 13 active country programmes in 12 countries (Bangladesh, Ethiopia, Ghana, India (Bihar state and Central), Mozambiqu...
- University of Western Australia
- Frankfurt School - UNEP Collaborating Centre for Climate & Sustainable Energy Finance (FS UNEP)
- Frankfurt School – UNEP Collaborating Centre for Climate & Sustainable Energy Finance is a strategic cooperation between the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and the Frankfurt School of Finance & Management (Frankfurt School).
- Long-Run Economic Perspectives of an Ageing Society (LEPAS)
- The EU member countries will be increasingly populated by older people. Nearly 25 percent of people in the European Union in 2030 can be above age 65, up from about 17 percent in 2005. Europe's old-age dependency ratio (the number of people age 65 and older compared with the number of working-age people ages 15-64) could more than double by 2050, from one in every four to fewer than one in every t...
