Microbicides
HIV prevention options currently focus on the ABC model (abstinence, be faithful, use condoms). However, these prevention methods are not always a possibility, especially for women: millions of women do not have the social or economic power to insist on condoms, fidelity or to abandon partnerships that put them at risk. While partner participation is required for condom use, microbicides would offer women a method that they can use on their own, without partner involvement, thus allowing them to take more control of their sexual health. They are currently being developed and could be available for use within the next five to ten years.
This key issues guide provides an in-depth introduction to microbicides. It outlines how microbicides are likely to work, their potential benefits and the important issues in their development, distribution and promotion. This guide also provides links to summaries of research and other key resources.
This key issues guide provides an in-depth introduction to microbicides. It outlines how microbicides are likely to work, their potential benefits and the important issues in their development, distribution and promotion. This guide also provides links to summaries of research and other key resources.
- What are microbicides?
-
A microbicide is a product that could be applied to the vagina or rectum to reduce HIV transmission during sexual intercourse. The compounds in microbicides work in different ways to prevent infection. They can: act as a physical barrier, enhance the vagina's natural defences, prevent the virus from replicating, or disable pathogens. Microbicides are currently being developed in a variety of forms including gels, creams, vaginal rings, sponges or suppositories. Some microbicides are likely to be capable of preventing both pregnancy and HIV infection. Others are being designed to be non-contraceptive to enable women to protect themselves without giving up child-bearing. Microbicides are not intended to replace male or female condoms, but will join the field of prevention methods available to people at risk of HIV infection.
