Key websites

TRIPS, patents and generic ARVs

Do patents provide the necessary incentives to pharmaceutical companies to design and launch new HIV and AIDS drugs in low and middle-income countries? If so, do these benefits off-set the potential disadvantages of preventing the production and sale of generic ARV drugs? In the short-term at least, it seems that in countries where generic ARVs are available, such as Brazil and India, access to ART is less costly and therefore greater.

TRIPS agreement and access to drugs in developing countries: ( C. Correa / Sur - International Journal on Human Rights , 2005); This article examines the progress made in the process to lend more flexibility to the TRIPS Agreement for medical drugs, and shows how the Doha Declaration and the 2003 Decision of the TRIPS Board on...
Processes and issues for improving access to medicines: willingness and ability to utilise TRIPS flexibilities in non-producing countries: ( B. Baker / Department for International Development Health Systems Resource Centre , 2004); This HSRC paper examines ways in which a non-producing country (NPD) can utilise TRIPS flexibilities, primarily focusing on importation. It also examines how to promote local production through pharma...
A survey of policy and practice on the use of access to medicines-related TRIPs flexibilities in Malawi: ( R. Lewis-Lettington; C. Banda / Department for International Development Health Systems Resource Centre , 2004); This HSRC study surveys Malawian policy and practice on the use of access to medicines-related TRIPs (Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights) flexibilities, as Malawian patent legislati...
Willingness and ability to use TRIPs flexibilities: Kenya case study: ( R. Lewis-Lettington; P. Munyi / Department for International Development Health Systems Resource Centre , 2004); This paper, produced by the HSRC, examines legislation and policy in light of recent developments in the international intellectual property rights framework, focusing on Kenya as a case study. It ex...
TRIPS, drug patents and access to medicines: balancing incentives for R&D with public health concerns: ( K. Maskus / Knowledge Economy Node, Development Gateway , 2003); This interview with Professor Kieth Maskus looks into the impacts of the agreed deal on implementing the Doha declaration on TRIPs and public health.
The questioning focuses on the likely impacts of...
Declaration on the TRIPS Agreement and public health: ( World Trade Organization , 2001); This document presents the WTO Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS Agreement) and public health, which were agreed upon at the Fourth Session of the WTO Ministeri...
Implications of the Doha Declaration on the TRIPS Agreement and public health: ( C.M. Correa / Essential Drugs and Medicine Policy, WHO , 2002); The special declaration on issues relating to the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property (TRIPS) represents an unprecedented step for the World Trade Organisation (WTO), but what ...
Implementation of the Doha Declaration on the TRIPS agreement and public health: technical assistance - how to get it right: ( S. Moon / Médecins Sans Frontières , 2002); The 2001 Doha Declaration on the TRIPS agreement and public health was a critical step towards enabling developing countries to establish intellectual property rights systems compatible with their pub...
Implications of WTO/TRIPS in East Africa : with special emphasis on pharmaceutical patents: ( U. A. Mwalimu / Economic and Social Research Foundation, Tanzania , 2002); What has the impact of the TRIPs agreement been in East Africa? This study examines how patent protection relates to the overall promotion and protection of human rights, and socio-economic rights, in...
WTO TRIPS agreement and its implications for access to medicines in developing countries: ( F. M. Abbot / Commission on Intellectual Property Rights , 2002); This detailed issue briefing examines TRIPS in light of the Doha Declaration which mandates that TRIPS be interpreted in a manner that supports public health interests and promotes access to medicines...
Intellectual property rights, anti-AIDS policy and generic drugs: lessons from the Brazilian public health program: ( F. Orsi; L. Hasenclever; B. Fialho; P. Tigre; B. Coriat / International AIDS Economics Network , 2003); The paper analyses Brazil’s national anti-Aids programme. The focus is on the main choices that have governed the Programme’s preparation, the obstacles it has faced and how it has overcome them. By d...
Drug patents under the spotlight: sharing practical knowledge about pharmaceutical patents: ( Access to Essential Medicines Campaign, MSF , 2003); This report aims to offer new approaches to those seeking to overcome patent barriers. It argues that each country must be able to design and operate its patent system in its own best national interes...
US bullying on drug patents: one year after Doha: ( Oxfam , 2002); This paper presents findings from an Oxfam commissioned review of US government bilateral policies on patents and medicines, pre and post Doha, to find out how far it has lived up to promises made in ...