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  • Document

    Could fuel substitution hurt the poor?

    id21 Development Research Reporting Service, 2003
    Over two billion people in developing countries rely on biomass fuels to meet their household energy needs. It is increasingly recognised that cooking with firewood, charcoal, crop residues and animal dung is bad for the health and the environment.
  • Document

    Does STI treatment prevent HIV? Reconciling trial results in Uganda and Tanzania

    id21 Development Research Reporting Service, 2003
    Sexually-transmitted infections (STIs) enhance HIV transmission. But trials of STI treatment to prevent HIV in Tanzania and Uganda gave contradictory results. A collaborative project funded by the Department for International Development suggests that the stage of the epidemic and reductions in risky sexual behaviour in Uganda could explain these differences.
  • Document

    Grim future for girls - primary school attendance in Sub-Saharan Africa

    id21 Development Research Reporting Service, 2003
    In the year 2000 the probability of an African child attending primary school was no higher than it had been in 1980. Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) has the lowest primary enrolments of any major region in the developing world and the number of African children out of school is increasing at a faster rate than anywhere else.
  • Document

    Smoothing the way for bicycles – rethinking bicycle transport planning

    id21 Development Research Reporting Service, 2003
    Transportation services in sub-Saharan Africa are highly irregular. Bicycles are the most commonly used form of transportation. They greatly improve mobility in rural areas, particularly for the poor, and bicycle taxis offer a cheap alternative to motorised taxis. However, these types of services face certain limitations as operating costs remain high.
  • Document

    Can partnerships deliver electricity to boost the livelihoods of the rural poor?

    id21 Development Research Reporting Service, 2003
    The extension of grid electricity to rural areas of developing countries has proceeded very slowly. Decentralisation and energy sector reforms offer opportunities for local authorities to supply electricity through public-private partnerships (PPPs). The risk however, is that the private sector will only target larger and wealthier communities.
  • Document

    Accessing agricultural information online: filling in the gaps

    id21 Development Research Reporting Service, 2003
    Websites providing development-oriented information services for the agricultural sector are multiplying. This information growth, enabled by donor funding has not necessarily made it easier for users in developing countries to find and access relevant information. Many gaps and inconsistencies exist and much of the information available is not responsive to the demands of service users.
  • Document

    Do marginal communities make good markets for telecommunications services?

    id21 Development Research Reporting Service, 2003
    Historically, companies have regarded marginal areas as unprofitable for telecommunications services. As a result, these areas have been excluded from most services. However, decisions regarding service provision are based on rather vague information and prejudices.
  • Document

    Reintegrating girls from fighting forces in Africa

    id21 Development Research Reporting Service, 2003
    The armed conflicts in Mozambique from 1978 to 1992, in Sierra Leone from 1991 to 2002 and still on-going in Northern Uganda (since 1987) have displaced, killed and maimed millions. Infrastructure such as hospitals, roads and schools has been destroyed, communities impoverished and professionals such as teachers and nurses killed.
  • Document

    Mobiles and markets – providers of telephones for Africa’s rural poor?

    id21 Development Research Reporting Service, 2003
    Bridging the ‘digital divide’ – a gap between those who can access and use information technology and those who cannot – is seen as an essential part of development. Despite the wide publicity about promoting information and communication technologies (ICTs), most rural Africans still lack telephone services.
  • Document

    HIV and AIDS-related stigmatisation, discrimination and denial: forms, contexts and determinants

    Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS, 2000
    This UNAIDS report explores the issues of HIV and AIDS-related stigmatisation and discrimination with reference to two specific case studies in India and Uganda, and through an extensive literature review. The report identifies a number of recurrent themes from both the India and Uganda studies.

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