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The Primacy of Land Conflicts
id21 Development Research Reporting Service, 2002Peri-urban areas in Southern and East Africa are characterised by: rapid change and spiraling socio-economic polarisation; divergent claims, competing interests and identities; and conflicts, disputes and tensions concerning the access, control and use of land resources.DocumentFormula for success? Needs-based resource allocation in healthcare
id21 Development Research Reporting Service, 2002A country's policy on healthcare financing can help or hinder access to services by poor people. How can different approaches to resource allocation enable poor people to access essential health services? A report from the UK Department for International Development's Health Systems Resource Centre presents lessons from Cambodia, South Africa and Uganda.DocumentPrivate parts - treatment for STIs in Uganda's private sector
id21 Development Research Reporting Service, 2002Effective treatment of curable sexually transmitted infections (STIs) is one of the few strategies available to reduce the spread of HIV in sub-Saharan Africa. Many people with STIs seek treatment from private practitioners. Why are patients turning to the private sector for help? Do they receive adequate care?DocumentIs cooking a waste of energy? Promoting more efficient household stoves
id21 Development Research Reporting Service, 2002In many developing countries governments, donors, NGOs and academics have promoted the use of fuel-efficient stoves (in order to reduce health effects, environmental degradation and household expenditure on traditional fuels). In Kenya and Ethiopia such promotional programmes have been very successful. Why have programmes elsewhere had only limited success?DocumentNo hiding place for information-hoarders: tackling the accountability deficit
id21 Development Research Reporting Service, 2002Can citizens help shape policies and hold politicians and civil servants to account? How can opportunities for citizen participation be institutionalised? Which public sector responsiveness initiatives undertaken in recent years are replicable? How should donors respond to recalcitrant states refusing to reform accountability relationships with service users?DocumentMaking a difference? Getting serious about gender and participatory development
id21 Development Research Reporting Service, 2002The rhetoric of participation and gender awareness has entered the development mainstream. Has this led to more equitable development initiatives? What are the consequences of the frequently found slippage between ‘involving women’ and ‘addressing gender’? And how can those using participatory approaches address issues of gender difference more effectively?DocumentCounting the cost of HIV in Southern Africa
id21 Development Research Reporting Service, 2002Southern Africa is the region with the highest rates of HIV infection in the world. An estimated 9.4 million of the total population of 97 million were HIV-positive in 1999. What impact will the HIV/AIDS epidemic have on the provision of health services in the region? Is there any scope for improving access to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in low-income countries?DocumentMaking water safer: cost-effective surveillance of urban water supplies in developing countries
id21 Development Research Reporting Service, 2002Is enough being done to monitor the quality of water in urban areas of developing countries? Can contamination of water stored in homes of the poor be reduced? How can the monitoring capacity of local environmental health staff be improved and health sector staff play a bigger role in water supply decision-making?DocumentBanking reforms in Africa. What has been learnt?
id21 Development Research Reporting Service, 2002One of the major objectives of liberalisation is to boost bank lending to the private sector, which is regarded as the engine of economic growth. However, the growth of commercial bank lending to the private sector following financial liberalisation was disappointing in many countries, especially bank lending to small scale borrowers and start-up enterprises.DocumentNew burdens on old shoulders - the impact of HIV
id21 Development Research Reporting Service, 2002Grandparents often have to care for AIDS orphans in developing countries. But what other problems do they face due to the epidemic? Researchers from the MRC Programme on AIDS in Uganda talked to elderly people in a rural village in south west Uganda, where half of all deaths among adults aged 13 to 44 are HIV-related.Pages