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  • Document

    IMF/World Bank Poverty Reduction Strategy: effective, participatory and locally owned?

    id21 Development Research Reporting Service, 2002
    Is there evidence that the Poverty Reduction Strategy (PRS) of the World Bank and International Monetary Fund (IMF) is working? Can the PRS lead the least developed countries out of poverty? Are the Poverty Reduction Strategy Papers (PRSPs) nationally owned and participatory – or are they becoming just another hoop through which poor countries must jump to access funds?
  • Document

    Natural resources management on the Niger-Nigerian border: reasons to be cheerful?

    id21 Development Research Reporting Service, 2002
    Do we understand enough about the impact of demographic change on natural resources management (NRM), farm investment and household income strategies in semi-arid areas? Is eco-disaster around the corner, or does land scarcity encourage investment in productivity-enhancing and land-conserving technologies? How should policy initiatives combine poverty reduction with environmental improvement?
  • Document

    Retail therapy – STI treatment in Kenya’s private sector

    id21 Development Research Reporting Service, 2002
    Improved management of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) can reduce the rate of new HIV cases by up to 40 per cent. AMREF (African Medical and Research Foundation) provided training in STI treatment for the six hundred licensed private providers (doctors, nurses and clinical officers) in Nyanza province in western Kenya. But what happens when people use untrained providers or self-medicate?
  • Document

    Are science exams in Africa failing students?

    id21 Development Research Reporting Service, 2002
    Is primary science assessment in anglophone Africa consistent and appropriate? Is there convergence between assessment systems in rich and poor countries? Are advances in assessment techniques reflected in African examinations? If not, do the reasons reflect differences in context?
  • Document

    Smoke filled kitchens: improving indoor air quality in western Kenya

    id21 Development Research Reporting Service, 2002
    Smoke from solid fuel stoves and 'three- stone' fires causes pneumonia and other serious health problems in rural areas of sub- Saharan Africa. Women and young children who spend long periods in the kitchen are particularly badly affected. What can be done to improve their quality of life? Will solutions really work in the long term?
  • Document

    African distance learning: reaching parts other education systems cannot reach?

    id21 Development Research Reporting Service, 2002
    Can non-formal radio and correspondence courses provide basic education to Africans bypassed by the school system? What are the key constraints, problems and success factors in the field of distance education in Africa? Could greater commitment of resources to distance education plug discriminatory gaps in African formal education systems?
  • Document

    Green rights? A new approach to sustainable development

    id21 Development Research Reporting Service, 2002
    Should a good environment be our human right? To date, recognition has been given to civil, political, economic, social and cultural rights. This study examines the background to current discussions and argues that the environment should be added to the list.
  • Document

    What's keeping Kenyan children from school?

    id21 Development Research Reporting Service, 2002
    Attainment of Universal Primary Education has been a long-term objective for the Government of Kenya (GoK) since independence. But declining gross enrolment rates and completion rates of less than 50 per cent over the past 10 years present a considerable challenge to policy-makers. Why are children dropping out of school? Is poverty solely to blame?
  • Document

    Is classroom interaction in Kenya a one-way conversation?

    id21 Development Research Reporting Service, 2002
    Effective teaching is crucial to attempts to improve the quality of primary education in developing countries. But what do we know about current teaching practice? How do teachers interact with their pupils? Research by the Kenyan Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (MoEST), with the support of DFID and the University of Newcastle upon Tyne, attempts to provide some answers.
  • Document

    Casting the net – free bednets for pregnant Kenyan women

    id21 Development Research Reporting Service, 2002
    Malaria prevention using insecticide-treated bednets (ITNs) can increase child survival, reduce illness among pregnant women and improve birth outcomes. But what is the best way to deliver ITNs to those at risk? Researchers from the Kenya Medical Research Institute, UNICEF and the Kenyan Ministry of Health assessed the success of a scheme to distribute free ITNs to pregnant women.

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