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Showing 1381-1390 of 1616 results

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  • Document

    Regulating access to land and water in Africa: implications for local governance

    id21 Development Research Reporting Service, 2002
    Consensus is emerging that only decentralised management and tenure security for existing users can prevent degradation of Africa’s rural resource base. What role should customary authorities play in allocating rights to land and water? What are the consequences of individualisation and commoditisation of land?
  • Document

    The IMF and World Bank: undermining democracy and rolling back the state?

    id21 Development Research Reporting Service, 2002
    Why are anti-IMF protests sweeping the developing world? Is it privileged students and anarchists who are behind the wave of unrest? Who are taking to the streets and how are their livelihoods being affected by liberalisation? Are Poverty Reduction Strategy Papers (PRSPs) merely Structural Adjustment Programmes (SAPs) in another guise?
  • Document

    Who is destroying the Serengeti-Mara? Commerce and agropastoralism in the rangelands

    id21 Development Research Reporting Service, 2002
    The East African rangelands are rapidly becoming cultivated. Are wildlife biodiversity and sustainable livelihoods being threatened? If so, who is responsible? This study assesses the arguments. It challenges the widely-held beliefs that conversion is due to the growth, poverty and subsistence needs of agropastoralist populations.
  • Document

    Birth rights: new approaches to safe motherhood

    id21 Development Research Reporting Service, 2002
    Each year, 525 000 women die from maternal causes. For each woman who dies in the north, 99 will die in the south. This report looks behind these indicators of the widening gap between rich and poor – within and between countries. Although the evidence is stark, it argues that international improvement targets can be met.
  • Document

    Testing, testing… The costs of providing VCT in Kenya

    id21 Development Research Reporting Service, 2002
    Voluntary counselling and testing (VCT) is an important tool in the fight against HIV. But few people in Kenya have access to testing services. Can the government afford to provide VCT countrywide? Research co- ordinated by the Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine assesses the costs of integrating VCT into local health centres.
  • Document

    Whose land is it anyway? In-migrants and exclusion in the Serengeti-mara

    id21 Development Research Reporting Service, 2002
    The conversion of East African rangelands to cultivation is giving rise to conflicts over different land uses. How can tensions be resolved? This study explores the impact of such changes on different groups and asks questions about the implications for their livelihoods and the environment. It also seeks pathways to limit conflict in the buffer zones around the Serengeti-Mara ecosystem.
  • Document

    Foreign direct investment and poverty

    id21 Development Research Reporting Service, 2002
    Although foreign direct investment (FDI) contributes to growth in developing countries, there is evidence that the benefits are not equally distributed. Foreign- owned firms tend to pay higher wages in developing countries, but skilled workers tend to benefit more than less-skilled workers. What contribution does FDI make towards poverty reduction?
  • Document

    A burning issue: promoting sustainable pro-poor access to affordable energy

    id21 Development Research Reporting Service, 2002
    In urban areas of developing countries the poor pay more per unit of energy consumed and are most vulnerable to price hikes. Are they forever doomed to use expensive, inefficient and unsafe fuels for cooking, heating, power and light? What can be done to increase access to higher grade and more sustainable forms of energy?
  • Document

    Control panel - tools to prevent malaria epidemics in highland Africa

    id21 Development Research Reporting Service, 2002
    Insecticide-treated bednets (ITNs) are widely promoted as a malaria prevention tool. The role and cost-effectiveness of indoor residual house spraying (IRS) for malaria control have received less attention. Research by the Kenya Medical Research Institute and other institutions found that IRS might be more effective and cheaper than ITNs in communities prone to epidemics of infection.
  • Document

    The Primacy of Land Conflicts

    id21 Development Research Reporting Service, 2002
    Peri-urban areas in Southern and East Africa are characterised by: rapid change and spiraling socio-economic polarisation; divergent claims, competing interests and identities; and conflicts, disputes and tensions concerning the access, control and use of land resources.

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