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Searching in Tanzania, Zambia

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• Document

  Has improved availability of health expenditure data contributed to evidence-based policy making? Country experiences with national health accounts

  Partners for Health Reformplus, 2003

  National Health Accounts (NHA) is a tool designed to inform the health policy process. It aims to do so by providing policymakers with valuable information on the distribution of health funds within the system.
• Document

  New dimensions of childhood malnutrition in six African countries

  id21 Development Research Reporting Service, 2002

  Nearly a third of all children under five years old in sub-Saharan Africa are underweight. With evidence that health risks are elevated even for children who are only mildly to moderately underweight, tackling malnutrition is crucial for reducing infant mortality.
• Document

  Cutting the risk? Male circumcision and HIV in sub-Saharan Africa

  id21 Development Research Reporting Service, 2002

  HIV prevalence varies both within and between countries in Africa. How can these differences be explained? Within Africa, male circumcision appears to be more common in regions with relatively low HIV rates. Does circumcision reduce the risk of HIV infection?
• Document

  Gender gaps and primary schooling: promising policy options for sub-Saharan Africa

  id21 Development Research Reporting Service, 2002

  Belief that investment in girls’ and women’s education will result in broader development gains and poverty reduction has received widespread acceptance internationally. But what can be done to close the primary education gender gap between girls and boys? How can we achieve universal primary education by 2015?
• Document

  Catalyst for local democracy? Land reform in Eastern and Southern Africa

  id21 Development Research Reporting Service, 2002

  From Eritrea to South Africa land tenure laws are in a state of flux. In every nation in eastern and southern Africa, apart from those wracked by conflict, tenure reform is either under discussion or coming on stream. What is driving this change? What are the consequences for landholders, for democratization and the nature of state power? Who are the potential winners and losers?
• Document

  Preferential credit? Ethnic and indigenous firms vie for equal access

  id21 Development Research Reporting Service, 2002

  Ethnic groups often remain segregated long after emigrating to a new area. Why, for example, do the Chinese in Southeast Asia and Africa or the Armenians in Russia remain excluded from mainstream business activities? However, ethnic enclaves, perhaps due to business skills passed down from older members of the community, run successful businesses.
• Document

  Intergenerational deadlock? Confronting the AIDS crisis in Tanzania

  id21 Development Research Reporting Service, 2002

  Aids in Africa has created and widened divisions between age groups at a time when intergenerational support is more essential than ever. Normal sexual activity is highly likely to expose young people to the risk of HIV infection: they need protection just as older people need support in the face of the mounting death toll.
• Document

  Teaching HIV a lesson - a link between education and the AIDS virus?

  id21 Development Research Reporting Service, 2002

  Are people who are less educated more likely to become HIV infected than people with a higher level of education? And what can be done to help those most at risk? Researchers from the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine looked for possible links between AIDS and education in developing countries.
• Document

  African distance learning: reaching parts other education systems cannot reach?

  id21 Development Research Reporting Service, 2002

  Can non-formal radio and correspondence courses provide basic education to Africans bypassed by the school system? What are the key constraints, problems and success factors in the field of distance education in Africa? Could greater commitment of resources to distance education plug discriminatory gaps in African formal education systems?
• Document

  No hiding place for information-hoarders: tackling the accountability deficit

  id21 Development Research Reporting Service, 2002

  Can citizens help shape policies and hold politicians and civil servants to account? How can opportunities for citizen participation be institutionalised? Which public sector responsiveness initiatives undertaken in recent years are replicable? How should donors respond to recalcitrant states refusing to reform accountability relationships with service users?

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