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• Document

  Supporting the poor: the sustainable livelihoods approach in Southern Africa

  id21 Development Research Reporting Service, 2002

  Sustainable livelihoods (SL) approaches provide fresh insights into poverty analysis. What are the key institutional issues in promoting an SL approach in Zimbabwe, Zambia and South Africa? What changes are needed in policies, structures and processes to support a SL approach? Just how well are governments tackling poverty?
• Document

  Transition to equality? Gender relations and democratic change in South Africa

  id21 Development Research Reporting Service, 2002

  Since coming to office in 1994, the government of South Africa has made strong, legally binding commitments to uphold and promote gender equality. But what are the challenges in achieving gender equality in South Africa’s transition to democracy?
• Document

  Can liberalisation boost farming in Southern Africa?

  id21 Development Research Reporting Service, 2002

  Have structural adjustment programmes (SAPs) reduced discrimination against agriculture in southern Africa? Does price liberalisation, by increasing production and employment really reduce poverty and the incentive to migrate to towns and cities? Or are deeper changes needed?
• Document

  Consensus or conflict? Time for a reality check on community-based sustainable development

  id21 Development Research Reporting Service, 2002

  Global consensus emerged in the 1990s that the key to sustainable development is local- level solutions. Such approaches are evident across a wide range of sectors and in the policies of governments, donors and NGOs. All root for shared management of natural resources across the board, based on the assumption that communities are homogenous and consensual. Yet, how real is community- consensus?
• Document

  Read all about it! Getting books to pupils in Africa

  id21 Development Research Reporting Service, 2002

  How do pupils in Africa gain access to books? Which methods of getting books to students and teachers work best? Recent research in Ghana, Tanzania, Mali, South Africa, Mozambique and Kenya, examined different approaches to book provision including school or classroom-based libraries, teacher support centres and mobile libraries.
• Document

  Backing the tourist industry in Africa High growth and employment or high costs and low returns ?

  id21 Development Research Reporting Service, 2002

  Tourism accounts for a higher share of world trade than cars or oil and is the main export for many small developing countries. Highly labour intensive, the sector provides vital employment for people with a wide range of skills, including unskilled.
• Document

  Increasing efficiency or closing doors? The changing role of the state in participatory development

  id21 Development Research Reporting Service, 2002

  Democracy in South Africa is stronger than ever and has profoundly altered the nature of participation in urban development projects. Recent changes in South African national policy coupled with a shift in service provision from central to local government have had significant effects on development projects at the local level.
• Document

  Codes of conduct for all: getting it right for women in South Africa

  id21 Development Research Reporting Service, 2002

  Many British companies are introducing codes of conduct to ensure their suppliers in developing countries stick to minimum labour standards. Yet, there are often deep-rooted and complex inequalities in employment, especially with regard to gender, that limit such initiatives. However, many such issues are ignored in debates concerning codes of conduct.
• Document

  Joint action: can clustering build industrial capacity in Africa?

  id21 Development Research Reporting Service, 2002

  African development is closely linked to small scale industry. The employment provided by small firms, although low paying, enables families to survive, to educate their children, and in some cases, to move out of poverty.
• Document

  This land is your land. Rights and rural livelihoods in Southern Africa

  id21 Development Research Reporting Service, 2002

  Tenure reform aims to secure people's land rights. In Southern Africa most so-called 'communal' land, reserved for Africans, is still held by the state. In these areas, land rights are increasingly insecure. Yet, the confirmation of the rights of those who have long occupied and used the land lags behind programmes that aim to transfer white-held land to Africans.

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