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Social Welfare in East Asia: Low Public Spending but Low Income Inequality?
Suntory and Toyota International Centres for Economics and Related Disciplines, 1998“Light” welfare states were perceived by some as one source of East Asian economic dynamism. Paper examines the strengths of several East Asian social welfare systems and the challenges they face after the financial crisis. Japan has a fully-fledged social welfare system.DocumentFighting an Uphill Battle: Population Pressure and Declining Land Productivity in Rwanda.
Food Security III Cooperative Agreement, Michigan State University, 1996Report draws attention to the structure of landholding as a set of mechanisms through which demographic changes in agrarian societies can alter the natural environment: demographically-induced change in the structure of landholding: farm holdings generally become smaller as an ever-increasing number of households enter the agricultural work force and seek to derive their livelihood from thDocumentPopulation and Sustainability: Understanding Population, Environment, and Development Linkages
Food Security III Cooperative Agreement, Michigan State University, 1998The triple challenge of rapid population growth, declining agricultural productivity, and natural resource degradation are not isolated from one another; they are intimately related.DocumentState of the World's Children 1999: Education For All: Making the right a reality
United Nations Children's Fund, 1998Calls for an expansion of the education revolution that is occurring throughout the world. This revolution has two standards -- access to high-quality learning and a child rights approach. The report highlights key examples both of individual schools and of entire national education systems that are putting these standards into practice.DocumentThe UK White Paper on International Development - and Beyond
Overseas Development Institute, 1998In November 1997, the British Government published its long-awaited White Paper on international development, the first comprehensive statement on British aid for 22 years. It has been widely welcomed as a significant shift in the orientation of British development policy and as a marker for other donors.DocumentEthical Trading Initiatives and Forest Dependent People
Ethical Trade and Natural Resources Programme, NRI, 1998Discusses some of the schemes that promote environmentally sustainable trade in forest products and highlights some concerns about their impact on forest dependent people. The trading chains of many forest products, particularly non-timber forest products, are highly complex and people are involved in the marketing of these products in a variety of ways.DocumentEco-Labelling and the Green Consumer
1998Traces consumer behaviour patterns evidenced in opinion polls and in retail performance in supermarkets, from the late 1980s through to the present day.DocumentProductivity Improvement and Labour Relations in the Tea Industry in South Asia
Sectoral Activities Programme, ILO, 1996Examines recent experience in productivity improvement schemes in South Asia tea plantations, with particular attention to labour productivity.Recalls the importance of tea production in Bangladesh, India and Sri Lanka, in terms of employment and foreign exchange earnings. Detailed information is provided on the cost account of tea production. Tea is a labour-intensive industry.DocumentThe Mechanics of Progress in Education: Evidence from Cross-Country Data
Policy Research Working Papers, World Bank, 1998Argues that, so long as educational coverage is not yet universal, a more efficient strategy for educational development is to emphasize continued expansion of coverage rather than a rapid reduction in the pupil-teacher ratio.