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Public Environmental Expenditures: A Conceptual Framework
Macroeconomics for Sustainable Development Programme Office, WWF, 1999Public spending on environmental protection is often a small fraction of total government budget in developing countries. Such spending is further reduced during the stabilization phase of macroeconomic adjustment. Increased environmental awareness calls for proper treatment of such spending, particularly during periods of financial difficulty.DocumentReports on the international financial architecture [International Financial Crisis / Transparency and Accountability / Strengthening Financial Systems]
World Bank, 1998Motivated by Asian financial crisis, reports from 3 working groups examine issues related to the stability of the international financial system and the effective functioning of global capital markets.DocumentMainstreaming Public Participation in Economic Infrastructure Projects
Overseas Development Institute, 1998In the last ten years, participation has become central to the social development sectors of official development assistance – smallholder agriculture, community forestry, health care, education, urban sanitation, small-scale water supplies, etc.DocumentThe UK White Paper on International Development - and Beyond
Overseas Development Institute, 1998In November 1997, the British Government published its long-awaited White Paper on international development, the first comprehensive statement on British aid for 22 years. It has been widely welcomed as a significant shift in the orientation of British development policy and as a marker for other donors.DocumentSexual Violence and Armed Conflict: United Nations Response: Women 2000
United Nations [UN] Division for the Advancement of Women, 1998Report considers the failure of the international community to address the issue of war-time sexual violence during the early years of the UN.DocumentGender analyis: alternative paradigms
Gender in Development Programme, UNDP, 1998Comparative analysis of alternative paradigms, or conceptual frameworks used for analyzing gender issues within the development context.DocumentProposal for a Comprehensive Development Framework [for World Bank policy]: a Discussion Draft
World Bank, 1998Bank proposal on way to radically change its development mandate. At its core, the framework focuses on a holistic approach to development, applied over a 10-15 year time-frame, with the country in the driver's seat and with strong partnerships among donors, the private sector and civil society.DocumentHow Bad Governance Impedes Poverty Alleviation in Bangladesh
OECD Development Centre, 1998In 1995/96, 47.5 per cent of the population of Bangladesh were still living below the poverty line. While this represents a decline compared to 62.6 per cent in 1983/84, the absolute number of poor people has in fact increased over the same period.DocumentMeasuring Aid Flows: a New Approach
Aid Effectiveness Research, World Bank, 1998The debate on the effectiveness of foreign aid has intensified in recent years, as aid has come under increasing budgetary pressures in donor countries. Whatever the merits of the opposing arguments, the fundamental issue arises of whether the conventionally-used measures of aid such as ODA, that lump together grants and loans, accurately reflect true aid flows.DocumentThe Implications of Foreign Aid Fungibility for Development Assistance
Policy Research Working Papers, World Bank, 1998To address the fungibility of foreign aid funds, a proposed new lending instrument—a public expenditure reform loan—would tie an institution's lending strategy to the recipient country's achieving mutually agreed-upon development goals.A foreign aid or foreign lending policy that focuses exclusively on project financing may have unintended consequences, report Devarajan and Swaroop.Pages
