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Searching with a thematic focus on Trade Policy

Showing 3531-3540 of 3822 results

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  • Document

    Testing the induced innovation hypothesis in South African agriculture : an error correction approach

    Policy Research Working Papers, World Bank, 1995
    Apparently factor prices do matter in agricultural production and in the selection of production technology. And in South Africa, more attention should be focused on the technological needs of small scale farmers.
  • Document

    Price support at any price : costs and benefits of alternative agricultural policies for Poland

    Policy Research Working Papers, World Bank, 1996
    Poland's agriculture sector can defend its income only by becoming more efficient --- by relying less on price supports and reducing farm employment, among other things.Orlowski argues that Poland must choose an agricultural policy that promotes efficiency, structural change, and adjustment to the new market environment and eventual membership in the European Union.
  • Document

    Trade preferential agreements in Latin America : an ex - ante assessment

    Policy Research Working Papers, World Bank, 1996
    As a rule, preferential trade agreements between countries in Latin America and the Caribbean will probably be far less meaningful than they are in Europe or even than they are in the Asia Pacific region.
  • Document

    North - South customs unions and international capital mobility

    Policy Research Working Papers, World Bank, 1996
    NorthSouth trade accords can serve as "credibility enhancing" mechanisms for the treatment of foreign investment, inducing additional inflows of foreign capital.The presence of sovereign risk changes the trade-offs between trade creation and diversion, enhancing the potential for welfare increasing, trade diverting North South regional trade accords.
  • Document

    Catching up with Eastern Europe? : the European Union's Mediterranean free trade initiative

    Policy Research Working Papers, World Bank, 1996
    The option of a Euro Mediterranean Agreement gives the Mediterranean countries a unique opportunity to credibly pursue far-reaching trade liberalization gradually. Further unilateral efforts will be required to ensure that Mediterranean countries gain.
  • Document

    Regionalism versus multilateralism

    Policy Research Working Papers, World Bank, 1996
    Do the forces that regional integration arrangements set up encourage or discourage a trend toward globally freer trade? We don't know yet. The literature on regionalism versus multilateralism is growing as economists and political scientists grapple with the question of whether regional integration arrangements are good or bad for the multilateral system.
  • Document

    Protection and Trade in Services: A Survey

    Policy Research Working Papers, World Bank, 1999
    In the past, international economists have ignored trade in services, but technological progress and international trade negotiations are likely to keep liberalization of trade in services a high profile policy issue.Until recently, trade in services was mostly ignored by international economists, reflecting a perception that services were nontradable. This has never been true.
  • Document

    Competition policy and the global trading system : a developing country perspective

    Policy Research Working Papers, World Bank, 1997
    Certain factors can maximize the pressure on privatized infrastructure companies to be more efficient: the threat of bankruptcy, internal controls imposed by shareholders, and external disciplines (such as the threat of hostile takeover).The privatization of infrastructure companies is expected to bring about gains for customers by increasing the efficiency of the privatized company.
  • Document

    Using Tariff Indices to Evaluate Preferential Trading Arrangements: An Application to Chile

    Policy Research Working Papers, World Bank, 1999
    A tariff index that, combined with a simple general equilibrium model, can be used to calculate more accurately how preferential tariff reductions affect sectoral output, factor prices, average tariff rates, and general welfare.Bond presents a tariff index that uses constant elasticity of substitution aggregators of tariff line data to calculate how preferential tariff reductions affect both pr
  • Document

    Regional Integration and Foreign Direct Investment: A Conceptual Framework and Three Cases

    Policy Research Working Papers, World Bank, 1999
    How regional investment agreements affect the flows of foreign direct investment depends on location, the competitiveness of local firms, the motives for investment, and how the agreement affects the policy environment.Blomstrom and Kokko discuss how regional investment agreements may affect the inward and outward flows of foreign direct investments in the integrating region.

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