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Searching for Latin America and Caribbean

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• Document

  Energy price increases in developing countries : case studies of Malaysia,Indonesia, Ghana, Zimbabwe, Colombia and Turkey

  Policy Research Working Papers, World Bank, 1995

  Six case studies show that raising energy prices to eliminate subsidies does not harm the poor, growth, inflation, or industrial competitiveness. And public revenues improve.When domestic energy prices in developing countries fall below opportunity costs, price increases are recommended to conserve fiscal revenue and to ensure efficient use of resources.
• Document

  Travel mode substitution in Sao Paulo : estimates and implications for air pollution control

  Policy Research Working Papers, World Bank, 1995

  The study finds that households' choice of travel modes in Sao Paulo is not very sensitive to pricing. So, subsidies to less polluting modes can hardly be justified on the basis that they would attract traffic from more polluting modes. Several caveats apply.How would travel demand in Sao Paulo respond to demand management instruments?
• Document

  An empirical model of sunk costs and the decision to export

  Policy Research Working Papers, World Bank, 1995

  Firms that begin exporting face significant start-up costs.
• Document

  Post trade liberalization policy and institutional challenges in Latin America and the Caribbean

  Policy Research Working Papers, World Bank, 1995

  To maintain liberal trade and advance the agenda for more open trade, economic policy must prevent external shocks from becoming crises --- and protection must remain uniform among sectors.
• Document

  Central America and the North American Free Trade Agreement /How Does the North American Free Trade Agreement Affect Central America? / Edward E.Leamer ... [et al.]

  Policy Research Working Papers, World Bank, 1995

  NAFTA seems like a very troubling agreement for Central America, especially in apparel and textiles. Losses from NAFTA depend on the economic size of Mexico. Central America can gain from NAFTA provided Mexico is "big enough" to satisfy completely U.S. import demands and Central America can redirect its products from U.S.
• Document

  Stock market development and financial intermediaries : stylized facts

  Policy Research Working Papers, World Bank, 1995

  The three most developed stock markets are in Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States, and the most underdeveloped markets are in Colombia, Nigeria, Venezuela, and Zimbabwe.
• Document

  Air pollution and mortality : results from Santiago, Chile / Bart Ostro ... [et al.]

  Policy Research Working Papers, World Bank, 1995

  The relationship between particulate air pollution and premature death in Santiago, Chile is found to be very similar to results from industrial countries.Heavy outdoor pollution is found in developing country cities such as Jakarta, Katowice, Mexico City, and Santiago.
• Document

  Trade policies, macroeconomic adjustment, and manufactured exports : theLatin American experience

  Policy Research Working Papers, World Bank, 1995

  Trade policies cannot resolve current account problems.
• Document

  Estimating the world at work

  Policy Research Working Papers, World Bank, 1995

  What is the work status of the world's working age population?
• Document

  Costa Rican pension system : options for reform

  Policy Research Working Papers, World Bank, 1995

  Costa Rica's demographic structure is becoming increasingly unfavorable, and its pension system is maturing, so reform of the social security system should be implemented without delay.

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