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The stock market as a source of finance : a comparison of U.S. and Indian firms
Policy Research Working Papers, World Bank, 1996Internal finance is less important for Indian firms than U.S. firms, and external debt more --- but for neither is the stockmarket an important source.In seeking funding, a firm's main choice is between external and internal financing. And, says Samuel, the evidence suggests that the stock market plays only a limited role providing finance for both U.S.DocumentThe lender of last resort function under a currency board : the case of Argentina / Gerard Caprio ... [et al.]
Policy Research Working Papers, World Bank, 1996No grand solution appears to exist for the problems that seem inevitable in the Argentine system, in which the Central Bank is both lender of last resort and currency board, providing full convertibility between pesos and U.S. dollars.DocumentBrazil's efficient payment system : a legacy of high inflation
Policy Research Working Papers, World Bank, 1996Brazil has an impressive, efficient, highly automated payment system, driven at least in part by the need for rapid payment clearing and settlement in a high inflation environment.DocumentIndonesian labor legislation in a comparative perspective : a study of six APEC countries
Policy Research Working Papers, World Bank, 1996Current labor legislation in Indonesia is a mixed bag of laws protecting workers' welfare but controlling organized labor.DocumentInternational capital flows : do short - term investment and direct investment differ?
Policy Research Working Papers, World Bank, 1996Empirical support for the conventional notion that short-term investment is "hot money" and direct investment is not: short-term investment appears to respond more dramatically to disturbances in other capital flows and in other countries than does direct investment.Chuhan, Perez-Quiros, and Popper examine the behavior of four major components of international capital flows in 15 developing andDocumentPensions in Germany
Policy Research Working Papers, World Bank, 1996Germany's pension system has a multipillar structure and relies increasingly on privately funded plans. Its public pillar is not as generous or redistributive as is often claimed.Germany's pension system was originally designed as a scaled premium system. It formally became a pay as you go system in 1957.DocumentDo labor market regulations affect labor earnings in Ecuador?
Policy Research Working Papers, World Bank, 1997Although Ecuador may have the most cumbersome labor market regulations in Latin America, these are not a major source of segmentation of the labor market. The reason: the benefits mandated are fully fungible with wages. Ecuadorian labor costs are said to be high because of a large array of mandated benefits.DocumentWhy did Colombian private saving decline in the early 1990s?
Policy Research Working Papers, World Bank, 1997The sharp drop in private savings in the 1990s in Colombia can be attributed to a decline in private disposable income and, to a lesser extent, to growth in consumption. The sharp drop in private savings in the 1990s in Colombia can be attributed to a decline in private disposable income and, to a lesser extent, to growth in consumption.DocumentRegulatory structure and risk and infrastructure firms : an international comparison
Policy Research Working Papers, World Bank, 1996How does choice of regulatory regime affect the level of shareholder risk in regulated companies?DocumentSouth - North migration and trade : a survey
Policy Research Working Papers, World Bank, 1996Can trade liberalization be used to deter South North immigration? Is trade a substitute for migration? Not necessarily. Assuming that migration generates externalities, the South should liberalize trade, while the North should impose an (optimal) immigration tax.Pages
