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Searching with a thematic focus on Environment

Showing 3651-3660 of 4027 results

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  • Document

    Review of integrated approaches to river basin planning, development, and management

    Policy Research Working Papers, World Bank, 1995
    A review of models for river basin development, operations, management, water quantity and quality, recreational demand, countrywide planning, and multiple objective planning.Piecemeal approaches to river basin development and management may not fully recognize the interactions and interdependencies among components of a river basin system.
  • Document

    Energy price increases in developing countries : case studies of Malaysia,Indonesia, Ghana, Zimbabwe, Colombia and Turkey

    Policy Research Working Papers, World Bank, 1995
    Six case studies show that raising energy prices to eliminate subsidies does not harm the poor, growth, inflation, or industrial competitiveness. And public revenues improve.When domestic energy prices in developing countries fall below opportunity costs, price increases are recommended to conserve fiscal revenue and to ensure efficient use of resources.
  • Document

    Efficiency and equity considerations in pricing and allocating irrigation water

    Policy Research Working Papers, World Bank, 1995
    Pricing of water may affect allocation considerations by users. Efficiency is attainable whenever the pricing method affects the demand for irrigation water. The extent to which water pricing methods can affect income redistribution is limited.
  • Document

    Environmental inspections and emissions of the pulp and paper industry : the case of Quebec

    Policy Research Working Papers, World Bank, 1995
    Both inspections and the threat of inspections reduce pollution emissions. Moreover, inspections induce plants to report their emissions levels more frequently to regulators.Since the early 1970s, industrial countries have enacted (or amended) many environmental laws and regulations to control and improve air and water quality.
  • Document

    Is there a commercial case for tropical timber certification?

    Policy Research Working Papers, World Bank, 1995
    Timber certification is not expected to provide significant commercial benefits to developing countries in the near future.
  • Document

    Raising household energy prices in Poland : who gains? who loses?

    Policy Research Working Papers, World Bank, 1995
    Programs that subsidize household energy prices in the transition economies help the rich more than they help the poor. Not only do the wealthy consume more energy in absolute terms than the poor, but they also spend a larger portion of their income on energy.Freund and Wallich examine the welfare effects of increasing household energy prices in Poland.
  • Document

    The evolution of central banking

    Policy Research Working Papers, World Bank, 1995
    What have we learned about central banks? The principal factors affecting central bank autonomy in the past two centuries have been prevailing political conditions, a laissez faire environment, and the exchange rate regime (whether fixed or floating).Institutions we know as central banks emerged or were established as commercial banks or government banks.
  • Document

    Electricity demand in Asia and the effects on energy supply and the investment environment

    Policy Research Working Papers, World Bank, 1995
    Electricity demand in seven Asian economies is expected to increase sharply in the coming years.
  • Document

    Rural finance for growth and poverty alleviation in Pakistan

    Policy Research Working Papers, World Bank, 1996
    To promote agricultural --- and hence economic --- growth, Pakistan must make more credit available to agricultural smallholders, the rural non farm sector, and women. Subsidizing interest rates is not the way to help marginal borrowers.
  • Document

    Economic Regulation of Water Companies

    Policy Research Working Papers, World Bank, 1999
    The key to effective regulation of water companies is to generate information that allows the regulator to make good rules and allows the interest groups to watch out for improprieties by the regulator.Both public and private water companies need regulation (of water price and quality) when real competition is not feasible.

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