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  • Document

    Beauty queens and wallflowers: currency unions in the Middle East and Central Asia

    International Monetary Fund, 2006
    Against the background of the theory of optimum currency areas, this paper analyses possible scenarios for establishing a currency union (CU) in the Middle East and Central Asia region.The paper outlines the theory of optimum currency areas and provides an overview of recent empirical findings on the benefits and cost of membership.Through statistical analysis based on countries’ GDP, growth
  • Document

    Sustainable sanitation in rural South Asia

    id21 Development Research Reporting Service, 2006
    Sixty percent of people in South Asia lack access to adequate sanitation. Achieving the seventh Millennium Development Goal to halve the population without access to sanitation by 2015 will therefore require a massive effort. Access needs to increase quickly and widely but programmes must also be sustainable.
  • Document

    Financing mental health services in low- and middle-income countries

    id21 Development Research Reporting Service, 2006
    Mental illness accounts for at least 12 percent of the global burden of disease. It impacts on social services, housing, education and criminal justice systems. Providing access to effective mental health services may be highly cost-effective. But what is the best way to finance them?
  • Document

    Using microfinance to prevent debt bondage

    id21 Development Research Reporting Service, 2006
    Bonded labour is a major human rights challenge in South-East Asia. Millions of poor people are forced to work for little or no wage, as they struggle in vain to repay loans from their employers. The provision of microfinance is emerging as a key strategy, given that bondage generally results from the need for credit.
  • Document

    Adolescence in Pakistan: sex, marriage and reproductive health

    Marie Stopes International, 2006
    This report is a baseline knowledge, attitude and practice study that looks at the issue of sexuality and reproductive health in Pakistan. The report notes that in Pakistan, as many other poor countries, there are strong links between poverty and poor sexual and reproductive health (SRH).
  • Document

    DFID KaR Action Research on :Improving transparency, efficiency and effectiveness of pro-poor government services

    Knowledge and Research Programme on Disability and Healthcare Technology, DFID, 2006
    This report and toolkit focuses on how ICTs can improve the effectiveness of public service delivery to the poor and vulnerable.
  • Document

    Social protection index to help improve poverty reduction programmes

    id21 Development Research Reporting Service, 2006
    Policymakers and donors are increasingly viewing social protection as an important tool for poverty reduction to achieve the Millennium Goals by 2015.  However, the discussion so far has focused on definitions and objectives of social protection. Very little information is available on the quantitative aspects beyond broad estimates of its costs.
  • Document

    Towards juvenile justice: learning from Pakistan

    Save the Children [Sweden], 2006
    The purpose of this report is to document and publish the experiences learned by Save the Children Sweden and its partner organisations, in their interventions to improve the Juvenile Justice system in Pakistan.
  • Document

    Heart patients are not getting the right treatment

    id21 Development Research Reporting Service, 2006
    Every year 32 million people have a heart attack or stroke. At least half of these occur in people known to have cardiovascular disease who have already suffered an attack or stroke. Using the right drugs could prevent as many as three-quarters of these experiencing repeat attacks.
  • Document

    Health risks of wastewater irrigation in Pakistan

    id21 Development Research Reporting Service, 2006
    Two thirds of all untreated wastewater in Faisalabad City, Pakistan, is used for irrigation. What benefits and hazards does this bring? Research by the International Water Management Institute shows that farmers using wastewater and their neighbours have an increased risk of Giardia infection from intestinal parasites.

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