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  • Document

    Global tuberculosis control: surveillance, planning, financing (WHO report 2004)

    World Health Organization, 2004
    This is the eighth World Health Organization (WHO) annual report on global tuberculosis (TB) control. It reviews data on strategies for TB control, case notifications and treatment outcomes from all 201 countries that reported to WHO.
  • Document

    Brazilian population ageing: differences in well-being by rural and urban areas

    Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada / Institute of Applied Economic Research, Brazil, 2002
    This paper examines the familial arrangements, health condition, economic activity and income of those aged over 60 in Brazil, using data from the General Household Surveys of 1981 and 1999.Its findings include that: although fertility and mortality are much higher in rural areas compared to urban ones, the proportion of the elderly population in the total population is about the same i
  • Document

    Labor productivity in Brazil during the 1990s

    Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada / Institute of Applied Economic Research, Brazil, 2002
    This paper compares progress in labour productivity in the 1990s to that in previous decades; investigates long-term productivity growth in manufacturing and other sectors; asks who benefited from productivity growth in the decade; and evaluates the role of trade liberalisation and import penetration.
  • Document

    Pragmatic policy in Brazil: the political economy of incomplete market reform

    Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada / Institute of Applied Economic Research, Brazil, 2004
    This paper analyses the political processes through which market reform has taken place in Brazil since the 1990s, focussing on the relative roles of ideology, policy packaging, and pragmatism in advancing the reforms; how well reform implementation went; to what extent the results were as expected; and whether the retrenchment of the state resulting from the reforms will be sustained.Its findi
  • Document

    Girls’ education in Africa: what do we know about strategies that work?

    World Bank, 2004
    This paper focuses on examining strategies that have worked to increase girls’ education in Africa.
  • Document

    Agrarian change, gender and land rights: a Brazilian case study

    United Nations [UN] Research Institute for Social Development, 2003
    This paper examines the marginalization of women's land rights by governmental institutions and rural women's movements in Brazil.
  • Document

    Economic regulation and cost-efficiency in Brazilian urban public transport: the case of Belo Horizonte

    Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada / Institute of Applied Economic Research, Brazil, 2004
    This paper analyses the main outcomes and consequences of the bidding process for urban bus services that took place in Belo Horizonte, Brazil, during 1997-98, focussing on economic efficiency and changes in fares.It finds that: the operators granted contracts were those offering the highest bid; the bidding process was designed in this way because it was concerned with obtaining fiscal
  • Document

    Residential segregation and social exclusion in Brazilian housing markets

    Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada / Institute of Applied Economic Research, Brazil, 2003
    This paper seeks to analyse the characteristics of slums (favelas) in Brazilian cities, using data from the 1999 National Household Survey.
  • Document

    Demand for housing and urban services in Brazil: a hedonic approach

    Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada / Institute of Applied Economic Research, Brazil, 2003
    This paper attempts to estimate demand for housing and urban services in ten major metropolitan areas of Brazil using data.
  • Document

    Distributional effects of optimal commodity taxes combined with minimum income programs in Brazil

    Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada / Institute of Applied Economic Research, Brazil, 2003
    Commodity taxes play an important role in Brazil, accounting for around 60 per cent of total tax revenue, and providing a major tool for the redistribution of income in one of the most unequal societies in the world.

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